Knee

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Knee Fractures

Knee fractures include fractures of:

  • Patella: accounts for 1% of all fractures, most common in ages 20-50.
  • Femoral condyles: these usually fracture when the knee is stressed.
  • Tibial eminence: caused by accidents, such as a blow to the proximal tibia when the knee is flexed, or if the knee is hyperextended during an accident.

​Knee Arthroscopy

Knee arthroscopy is a surgical technique that can diagnose and treat problems in the knee joint. During the procedure, your surgeon will make a very small incision and insert a tiny camera, called an arthroscope, into your knee. This allows them to view the inside of the joint on a screen.

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​Meniscal Tear

Meniscal tear is one of the most frequently occurring cartilage injuries of the knee. It’s a piece of cartilage in your knee that cushions and stabilizes the joint. It protects the bones from wear and tear. All it takes is a good twist of the knee to tear the meniscus.

Arthroscopy

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure on a joint in which an examination and sometimes treatment of damage is performed using an arthroscope, an endoscope that is inserted into the joint through a small incision. Arthroscopic procedures can be performed during ACL reconstruction.

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​Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

Anterior cruciate ligament injury is when the ACL is either stretched, partially torn, or completely torn. A complete tear is the most common injury in the anterior cruciate ligament. Symptoms of such injury includes pain, a pop or popping sound during the injury, instability of the knee and joint swelling. The swelling generally appears within a few hours after the injury. In approximately in fifty percent (50%) of cases, other structures of the knee such as surrounding ligaments, cartilage of meniscus are damaged.

Multi-ligaments

Multi-ligament knee injury is commonly recognised as a tear of at least two of the four major knee ligament structures. The four major ligament structure of the knee are listed below

  • The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
  • The Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
  • The Posteromedial Corner (PMC)
  • The Posterolateral Corner (PLC)
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Articular Cartilage

Most notably is found in the knee joint. The articular cartilage is generally characterized by very low friction, high wear resistance, and poor regenerative qualities. It is responsible for much of the compressive resistance and load bearing qualities of the knee joint and, without it, walking is painful to impossible.
Osteoarthritis is a common condition of cartilage failure that can lead to limited range of motion, bone damage and invariably, pain. There are several different repair options available for cartilage damage or failure.

​Patellar Dislocation

A patellar dislocation is a knee injury in which the patella (kneecap) slips out of its normal position. Often the knee is partly bent, painful and swollen. The patella is also often felt and seen out of place. Complications may include a patella fracture or arthritis.

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